Pipe or tubing



(No Model.) v

J. C. BAYLES.

PIPE 0R TUBING. No. 422,066. Patented Feb. 25, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES C. BAYLES, OF EAST ORANGE, NEV JERSEY.

PIPE 0R TUBING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,066, dated February 25, 1890. Application filed December '7, 1889. Serial No.. 332,983. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES C. BAYLEs, of East Orange, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pipes or Tubing, of which the following is a specification, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings.

The invention relates, generally, to pipes composed of two or more longitudinal sec tions, each shaped to the eircleof the pipe and having their lengthwise edges outwardly hanged, the sections being brought together with the flanges of one section upon those of the adjoining section or sections, and the flanges thus overlying each other being secured together by riveting or welding. In the use of pipe of this kind, especially when made from thin strong sheet metal-such as rolled steel-it is found that the body part of the pipe is much stronger than the seam portions. Thus the pressure exerted upon any one longitudinal section of the pipe is resisted entirely at its lengthwise edges-that is to say, the metal of the section being unyielding and the direction of the strain being along the radii of the curve of the sec` tion, the effect of pressure upon such section is to tend to lift it bodily away from the adjoining sections. This action gradually forces the 'connected flanges apart, opening the weld or shearing the rivets and tearing off their heads.

The object, therefore, of the present invention is to strengthen the joints of a pipe made as above indicated, so that the pipe as a whole will have a pressureresisting capacity approximating if not the sanie as that of the body portions of the sheet metal entering' into spective View of one of the longitudinal secn tions of a three-section pipe. Fig. 2 shows a part of the completed pipe. Fig. 3 is a crosssection of the same with one of the tensionbands removed. Fig. 4. is a partial crosssec tion showing a modified forni of the re-enforce strips.

In the views, A represents the longitudinal sections,which maybe the half, third, or other part of the circle of the pipe. In the drawings they are shown asV third parts. These sections are curved to the circle of the pipe and their longitudinal edges are outwardly bent to forni flanges B, which flanges are punched, as shown, whereby to be riveted to the corresponding flanges of adjacent sections.

C is one forni of the reenforce strips or.

bars. These bars are rightangle or L.. bars in cross section, and they are punched with rivet-holes to correspond to the holes of the flanges B. When the pipesections are assembled, these bars are placed in position on the opposite 'sides of the flanges of the sealn with one of their leaves lying upon the cylindrical portion of the pipe, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and these bars and the flanges of the sections are then riveted together.

D shows another forni of reeenforce bar for the seam-flanges. This bar is in general form a cap or U -shaped bar. It is, in fact, two bars like the bar C joined together, and 'it suri rounds or caps the edges of flanges B, as seen in Fig. 41.

E are the tensionebands. These correspond. in length to the circular width of the sections A. Their ends are threaded to receive nuts F, which threaded parts may be of about the size, or larger, if preferred, of the rivet-holes through the anges B and bars C or D. The ends of these tension bands are inserted through the seam parts on opposite edges of the sections and their nuts screwed down, the bands of one section being passed through the seam parts in a direction reverse to that of the bands of the adjoining sections, and the bands of any one section being arranged intermediate to those of the other section. It will be obvious that these bands niay be similarly attached to the flanges of the sections when the :ce-enforce bars are not used, as also that they may be omitted when such,

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bars sufice to give the desired strength and rigidity to the pipes. By these means it will be seen that the spreading of the iianges of the seam is wholly prevented, asv the angle between the ianges of the sections and their body or curved parts is so braced or re-enforced that it cannot be drawn out, and so long as this condition exists there can be no shearing of the rivets or leakage of the seam.

So, too, when necessary to resist very great internal pressure, the tension bands add greatly to the strength of the whole pipe, and particularly to the seam parts,for they serve to anchor such section to the others and to distribute the strains, so that, within the strength of the body parts of the sections, the connected parts are drawn tighter together by internal pressure. In this way pipe may be constructed of thin strong sheet metal that 3o of the anges, substantially as described.

2. In a sheet-metal pipe, two or more longitudinal sections curved to the circle of the pipe and having outwardly-projecting flanges along their longitudinal edges, the Iianges of adjacent sections being riveted together, and re-enforce bars secured upon the flanges andin the angle formed by said iianges and the body of the sections, substantially as described.

3. In a sheet-metal pipe, the combination of two or more sections shaped to the radius of the pipe and having outwardlyprojecting longitudinal flanges, the fianges of the adjoining sections being secured together, and circular tensionbands extending between the flange-seamparts and attached to such flanges, substantially as described.

4. In a sheet-metal pipe, the combination of two or more sections shaped to the radius of the pipe and having outwardlyprojecting longitudinal flanged edges, the flanges of adjoining sections being secured together'between reenforce bars, and circular tensionbands extending between the seam parts and attached to said flanges and bars, substantially as described.

JAMES o. BAYLns.

Witnesses:

RoBT. F. GAYLORD, F. B. MURPHY. 

